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©The Archaeological Settlements of Turkey - TAY Project
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Konana |
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For site maps and drawings please click on the picture...  |
For photographs please click on the photo...  |
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Type:
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City |
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Altitude:
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1020 m |
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Region:
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Mediterranean |
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Province:
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Isparta |
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District:
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Gönen |
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Village:
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Merkez |
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Investigation Method:
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Survey |
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Period:
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Roman |
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| Location: It has been obscured by the center of the Gönen District; 5 km far from the Isparta-Burdur motorway; 24 km north of the Isparta Province. |
| Geography and Environment: The large and fertile land is surrounded by the Tinaz Mountain; the Tinaz Upland and the Kale Mountain to the north; and the Söbü Mountain to the south. It is considered that Konane is as an important center in the region because of its large and fertile valleys which it had since Hellenistic Period and being located on a privileged road junction in Pisidia Region [Hürmüzlü-de Giorgi 2011:51]. There is a necropolis on the south slope of Kepeci Hill, in the east of Kale Hill where the ancient city of Konana is located, in Gönen District of Isparta Province [Hürmüzlü-Özcan 2013:22-3]. |
| History: Located 35 km north of Sagalassos as a neigbouring city; it was founded as colony during the Roman Period. It is known that Konane minted coins during the period of Tiberius. |
| Research and Excavation: The surveys conducted in 1994-95 under the direction of M. Waelkens on behalf of the Catholic University of Leuven yielded several unidentified remains. The inscriptions recovered are dated from the 2nd to the 4th centuries AD. It was reexamined during the survey performed by Hürmüzlü since 2009. Kay Kohlmeyer, Arie Kai-Browne and their team from University of Applied Sciences in Berlin started the 3D scanning documentation studies of the city walls of Kale Tepe in 2011. Within the scope of Project IAS, the studies of relievo of the city walls and the topographic plan of Konane Kale Tepe completed in 2014 [Hürmüzlü et al. 2016:530]. |
| Stratigraphy: |
| Small Finds: |
| Remains: Architecture: 2 more grave stelae dating to the 2nd-3rd century AD were found in the centrum of Gönen during the survey conducted in 2014 [Hürmüzlü et al. 2016:530-2]. Pottery: Phrygia and Lydia type pottery found in the region is of particular interest. Although the age and vehicle of arrival of the Ionia wares to Pysidia (especially to Konane region) is not known, it can be suggested that the reason behind this circulation is not random and is probably the result of 7th Century BC settlements, with the support of Lydian trade continuing until 6th Century BC [Hürmüzlü 2011:166]. The pottery found in Kale Tepe in 2014 consists of pithos, cooking pots, amphora, closed bowl with band, bowls in various sizes, skyphoi and lids. Especially black-glazed and dipping glazed bowl and jar sherds in various sizes, West Slope Ware, jug with band decoration and olpe sherds indicate the existence of Hellenistic occupation [Hürmüzlü et al. 2016:535]. Also the existence of pottery slags is the indicator of the local production [Hürmüzlü et al. 2016:537]. On some of the grave steles which were found in 2009 and 2010, names in Phrygian, Pisidian, Ancient Macedonian, Greek and Latin can be seen. These steles shows that different cultures have lived together in the region, especially the Phrygian names indicate that Konane and its vicinity have been under the influence of Phrygian Culture for centuries. The research in 2010 introduced that the presence of small scaled settlements (farms?) which spread to the valley in Hellenistic Period besides the central settlement in Kale Tepe. Also, a milestone was found nearby Kizilca Village. This milestone dated to late 3rd or early 4th century AD. was found within the rubble next to a farmer's farm which is located near modern road [Hürmüzlü 2012:3-6]. The inventory study of the city walls which extends from the entrance towards the north has been finished. The city walls were found on the south of the ancient city by using 3D laser scanning in Kale Hill in 2011. The milestones found in 2009 and 2010 and the study of the road systems still continues [Hürmüzlü 2012:29-31]. |
| Interpretation and Dating: |
