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©The Archaeological Settlements of Turkey - TAY Project
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Ege Gübre / Kyme |
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For site maps and drawings please click on the picture...  |
For photographs please click on the photo...  |
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Type:
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Flat Settlement |
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Altitude:
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5 m |
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Region:
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Aegean |
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Province:
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Izmir |
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District:
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Aliaga |
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Village:
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Çakmakli |
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Investigation Method:
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Excavation |
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Period:
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| The site lies to the north of Ege Gübre factory; 2 km northeast of the village of Çakmakli; 6 km southwest of Aliaga; about 60 km north of the province of Izmir. It is on the sea shore and a stream flows next to it. It is close to the ancient city of Kyme settled on or around the hills called Nemrut (Nimrud) or Namrud. The site is damaged due to the industrialization of the region. It is claimed that Kyme; one of the gorgeous cities in the Aiolis region; used to have a large port and lost its attraction as the port was filled in. Called as Kyme of Aiolis; it was excavated under S. Reinach (1881); A. Salac (1925); B. Ogün (1952); H.T. Uçankus (1979); V. Idil- S. Lagona (1982-1998). Prehistoric finds were recovered by a recent trench opened in the southern section of the ancient city by the Italian Archaeology Institute and the Izmir Archaeological Museum. Materials of the Neolithic Age and red colored ware of EBA were recovered. It is reported by S. Lagona that the reminiscents of the tubular lugs were found in the Neolithic and EBA settlements of Samos and Chios islands [Lagona 2000:219]. Bittel also reports that he found three stone idols here. No detailed information is given. The Chalcolithic levels had been much disturbed by the Hellenistic builders but in 2007 one pit filled with pottery was found. The assemblage includes red slipped vessels, although they are not as fine as the Neolithic ones, as well as black ones. Some of these are pattern burnished with geometric patterns, including cross-hatched triangles. Four Chalcolithic graves were found and two of them contained modest gifts of beads and a necklace of pure silver [http://cat.une.edu.au/page/ege%20gubre; 16.11.2009, 14:05]. The ongoing excavations, which were initiated in 2004 by Izmir Museum under the scientific consultancy of H. Saglamtimur, show that the settlement was founded at the end of the 7th millennium BC. Four building levels were idetified so far. Ege Gübre I: Hellenistic Period (4th-2nd century BC) Ege Gübre II: (4500-4000 BC) Ege Gübre IIIa: (6000-5700 BC) Single roomed rectangular buildings, two roomed buldings, rounded buildings and 2nd enclosing wall Ege Gübre IIIb: (6000-5700 BC) Single roomed rectangular and rounded buildings, 1st enclosing wall Ege Gübre IV: (6200/6100-6000 BC) Rounded buildings [Ozan 2015]. It is named as Çakmakli Tepe in Tiné-Traverso's publication. A few flints, flakes and nodules were found in the field in the region during the survey conducted by Çinardali-Karaaslan and her team in 2014 [Çinardali-Karaaslan & Kolankaya-Bostancġ 2016:56-7]. |
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