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©The Archaeological Settlements of Turkey - TAY Project
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Konana |
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For site maps and drawings please click on the picture...  |
For photographs please click on the photo...  |
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Type:
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City |
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Altitude:
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1020 m |
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Region:
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Mediterranean |
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Province:
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Isparta |
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District:
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Gönen |
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Village:
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Merkez |
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Investigation Method:
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Survey |
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Period:
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| Location: It has been obscured by the center of the Gönen District; 5 km far from the Isparta-Burdur motorway; 24 km north of the Isparta Province. |
| Geography and Environment: The large and fertile land is surrounded by the Tinaz Mountain; the Tinaz Upland and the Kale Mountain to the north; and the Söbü Mountain to the south. It is considered that Konane is as an important center in the region because of its large and fertile valleys which it had since Hellenistic Period and being located on a privileged road junction in Pisidia Region [Hürmüzlü-de Giorgi 2011:51]. There is a necropolis on the south slope of Kepeci Hill, in the east of Kale Hill where the ancient city of Konana is located, in Gönen District of Isparta Province [Hürmüzlü-Özcan 2013:22-3]. |
| History: |
| Research and Excavation: The ancient city of Konane (Conane) was rarely mentioned in the ancient literature. In 2nd century BC, The Konane city was categorized together with Seleukia Sidera, Pisidia Antiocheia, Palaion Beudos, Baris, Lisinia and Kormasa under the name of "Phrygia Pisidia" by Ptolemaios (Geographia 5.5.5). It was also discovered that Konane (Conana) was in connection with the city of Apollonia based on the annuals of St. Zosimos belonging to 4th century BC (Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca, II, 321). The ancient city has been rarely visited by modern travelers as well. G. Hirschfeld was the first scholar who referred Konane to Gönen in 1874 (Hirschfeld 1874:315-316). Rott mentioned a Roman road located near Gönen in 1908 (Rott 1908). The studies and survey conducted in the region were generally concentrated on epigraphy. Since the 1930s to date, a lot of epigraphic surveys were performed by Ramsay and Drew-Bear in Gönen and its vicinity. The surveys are being continued by the team of Isparta Archaeological Survey (IAS) since 2009 [Hürmüzlü-de Giorgi 2011:51]. |
| Stratigraphy: During the researches, significant informations about Roman and Hellenistic periods, IA and the previous periods in Konane were obtained [Hürmüzlü-de Giorgi 2011:51]. |
| Small Finds: Pottery: During the 2009 and 2010 researches, Phryg/Lydia wares (such as black on red and streaked wares) were recovered on the southwest of Kale Hill as well as banded pottery which has frequently been seen on the shores of East Mediterranean and in Ionia [Hürmüzlü-de Giorgi 2011:51-52]. The potsherds found in the area indicate that the necropolis was used during the Late Hellenistic and Roman periods. A bronze coin of Salonina, the wife of Emperor Gallienus, dated to 253-268 AD was found. The front face of the Konana city coin depicts the draped bust of empress wearing a diadem. On the back face, there is a depiction of Tyche, holding the horn of plenty on her left hand and a rudder on her right hand, inside a tetrastyle temple with a triangular pediment and an arched entrance [Hürmüzlü-Özcan 2013:22-3] |
| Remains: A necropolis discovered during the survey conducted by Hürmüzlü and her team in 2010. It is believed that it was in connection with Tinaz Tepe upland settlement. It was exposed to illicit diggings. The necropolis covers an area of about 75 m in diameter. Simple inhumations were placed in tombs, formed with rectangular stones, and some of them were covered with roof tiles [Hürmüzlü-Özcan 2013:22-3] |
| Interpretation and Dating: Potsherds recovered during the 2009 and 2010 researches are quiet important for tracing the historical development of nortwest Pisidia and understanding the relationship between the cultures which the region was encountered before Hellenistic Period [Hürmüzlü-de Giorgi 2011:52]. |
